Which theory suggests that a withdrawal of reinforcement can lead to depression?

The correct theory that suggests a withdrawal of reinforcement can lead to depression is Behavioral Theory. This theory posits that behaviors are influenced significantly by the consequences that follow them, particularly reinforcement and punishment. When an individual experiences a lack of reinforcement—such as social support, positive experiences, or other rewarding stimuli—they may begin to feel helpless and disengaged, which can contribute to depressive symptoms. This concept aligns with the idea that reinforcing behaviors can mitigate feelings of sadness and that their absence can create a state of emotional distress, leading to depression.

The other theories presented focus on different aspects of psychological functioning. Attachment Theory emphasizes the importance of early relationships and bonding in emotional and psychological development but does not primarily address reinforcement withdrawal as a mechanism leading to depression. Cognitive Theory emphasizes the role of negative thought patterns and cognition in depression rather than behavior and reinforcement. Socio-cultural Theory examines the impact of societal and cultural factors on mental health but does not focus on individual reinforcement processes in the same manner as Behavioral Theory.