Which part of the nervous system is primarily responsible for controlling anxiety?

The autonomic nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating bodily functions that are not consciously directed, including the control of emotional responses like anxiety. Within the autonomic nervous system, there are two key components: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system is activated during times of stress or perceived danger, leading to a "fight or flight" response that can heighten feelings of anxiety. In contrast, the parasympathetic nervous system helps to calm the body down after a stress response, promoting relaxation.

Anxiety involves physiological changes, such as increased heart rate and heightened alertness, which are largely mediated by the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, understanding the autonomic nervous system's role in the physiological manifestations of anxiety helps clarify why this part of the nervous system is primarily responsible for controlling anxiety responses.