Which of the following symptoms is associated with primary depressive disorder?

Persistent low mood that impairs enjoyment is indeed a hallmark symptom of primary depressive disorder. This condition is characterized by a pervasive feeling of sadness that persists over time, significantly affecting an individual’s ability to engage in activities that were once enjoyable. This symptom reflects the core feature of major depression, where the low mood and loss of interest or pleasure in most activities (anhedonia) are central to the diagnosis.

The focus on impairment emphasizes how this low mood can disrupt daily functioning, relationships, and overall quality of life. Individuals experiencing primary depressive disorder may find it challenging to experience joy or fulfillment in various aspects of their lives, which often leads to a further deterioration in mood and functioning. Recognizing this symptom is crucial in understanding and diagnosing depressive disorders.