Which disorder includes symptoms that are specific to the premenstrual phase?

The disorder that includes symptoms specific to the premenstrual phase is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). PMDD is characterized by severe emotional and physical symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, typically starting about a week before menstruation and resolving a few days after menstruation begins. This disorder is distinct because its symptoms, which can include mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, and physical symptoms such as bloating and breast tenderness, are directly linked to the menstrual cycle.

In contrast, the other disorders mentioned do not have such a specific temporal relation to the menstrual phase. Major Depressive Disorder and Persistent Depressive Disorder can occur in any context and are not limited to a specific time within the menstrual cycle. Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder is primarily diagnosed in children and involves persistent irritability and frequent episodes of extreme behavioral dyscontrol rather than being tied to the menstrual cycle. Thus, PMDD is uniquely recognized for its cyclical nature, making it the correct answer in this context.