What is the main focus of Seligman's theory?

Seligman's theory primarily revolves around the concept of learned helplessness, which he developed through his studies on animal behavior and its implications for human psychology. Learned helplessness occurs when individuals perceive that they have no control over the outcomes of their actions, leading to a passive resignation in the face of challenging situations. This concept has significant relevance in understanding depression and other psychological disorders, as it highlights how a lack of perceived control can contribute to feelings of helplessness and hopelessness.

This theory has paved the way for advancements in cognitive therapy approaches, which aim to alter the negative thought patterns associated with learned helplessness. It emphasizes the importance of fostering a sense of agency and control in individuals to promote resilience and recovery from mental health challenges. By recognizing the internal attributions that can lead to learned helplessness, therapists can work to empower individuals to regain confidence and actively engage in their lives.

In contrast, the other options touch on different aspects of psychological theories and practices, such as reinforcement of behaviors, genetic markers, or specific therapy techniques, but do not capture the core of Seligman's foundational work in understanding the implications of learned helplessness in psychological well-being.