What is separation anxiety disorder?

Separation anxiety disorder is characterized specifically by excessive anxiety concerning separation from an individual to whom the person, often a child, is emotionally attached. This condition typically involves developmental expectations where the individual demonstrates a persistent fear of being away from their attachment figure, usually a parent or caregiver. The anxiety can manifest in various ways, such as excessive worry about losing the attachment figure or fear of potential harm coming to them. It may also result in physical symptoms when faced with separation and may lead to avoidance behaviors, such as refusing to go to school or stay at a friend's home.

This understanding of separation anxiety must distinguish it from other disorders. For instance, fear of social situations relates to social anxiety disorder, while generalized worry about future events aligns with generalized anxiety disorder. Discomfort in new environments may pertain to a more general adjustment issue rather than the intense emotional bond seen in separation anxiety disorder. Thus, the correct choice precisely captures the essence of the disorder, focusing on the profound emotional attachment and the distress experienced upon separation.